Our powers were given to us by parliament, under the opticians act 1958. Williams eindhoven university of technology the netherlands 1. Htb1100 netlink 10100m multimode fiber optic ethernet media converter netlink series fiber media converter is the conversion equipment of ethernet opticalelectronic signals between 10100m utp interface tx and 100m fiber interface fx. Antipiracy law aims to expedite removal of the philippines from the u. Digital media can be divided into three main types. The potential of optical fiber launched radialls grand adventure with fiber optics. Information and communications technology zimbabwe report 1 chapter 12. Be it enacted by the senate and house of representatives of the philippines in congress assembled i. It is hereby declared to be the policy of the state to ensure the protection and promotion of. The chapter explores semiempirical models of the nonlinear optical susceptibility and bondcharge model of nonlinear optical properties. They are the precursors of a new and different sensibility, and a new relationship of humanity to nature, brilliantly analyzed by vincent scully who argues that in the italian garden, water is the awesome gift of the earth. A glass rod or a cylindrical glass of water act as approximations to ideal cylindrical lenses.
The most common types of optical media are bluray, cds, and dvds. Optical media article about optical media by the free. The unregulated mastering, manufacture, replication, importation and exportation of optical media in all forms is inimical to economic growth and. As a result of diversity and the newness of cnts, it is impossible to give a theoretical value of optical gain. For subsaharan africa as a whole, there has been remarkable growth in information and communications technology ict services in the past decade. The data on the storage medium is read by bouncing the laser beam off the surface of the medium. Although the proponentsauthors of the law drafted it with the intention of regulating the container optical media and not the content. Pdf corruption and the nonenforcement of the optical media law. Motor vehicle development program mvdp foreign investments act. Code of conduct and ethical standards optical media board.
Compact discs can also be subject to bronzing, which happens when the protective outer coating of the cd erodes, leaving a. Republic act 9293 a when requested by the license holder. It is hereby declared to be the policy of the state to ensure the protection and promotion of intellectual property rights. We propose a way to perform linear operations using complex optical media such as. Isle dabeau france facility becomes the radiall center. Pdf optical momentum, spin, and angular momentum in.
Optical communication employs a beam of modulated monochromatic light to carry information from transmitter to receiver. Filtration and aircleaning systems to protect building environments from airborne chemical, biological, or radiological attacks department of health and human services centers for disease control and prevention national institute for occupational safety and health april 2003. Guidance for filtration and aircleaning systems to. For many of these applications, key requirements are robustness to fabrication inaccuracies, reconfigurability, and scalability. Whereas, it is the declared policy of the state to ensure the protection and promotion of intellectual property rights. If the beam hits a dot it is reflected back differently to how it would be if there were no dot. Introduction the acceptance of pervasive digital media has placed society in the exabyte era 1015 bytes. Due to the natural simple construction of the optical media, the archive systems based on those optical media, e. Optical storage devices save data as patterns of dots that can be read using light. Whereas, the unregulated mastering, manufacturing, replication, importation, and exportation of optical media in all forms are inimical to economic growth and public interest. Media, in the computer world, refers to various types of data storage. Code of conduct and ethical standards for officials and employees of the optical media board omb we, the officials and employees of the optical media board, by virtue of republic act no. A list of memorandum circulars issued by the optical media board omb. Find answers to optical media from the expert community at experts exchange.
B 3272000 enacted by the parliament of malaysia as follows. Performing linear operations using optical devices is a crucial building block in many fields ranging from telecommunications to optical analog computation and machine learning. Since a cylindrical lens only has the ability to reconverge light from an object to its focus in one direction, the light in the other direction isnt focused. This legislation was consolidated to form the 1989 act which includes all subsequent amending legislation. These rules shall be referred to as the implementing rules and regulations of the optical media act of 2003. This act shall be known as the tobacco regulation act of 2003. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing blank tape, disk, or cassette magnetic or optical recording media for use in recording audio, video, or other signals. Characteristics of the optical media laboratory disk. Under republic act 9239, the former videogram regulatory board was. R office of management and budget omb memorandum m0616, protection of. General expression for the nonlinear susceptibility in the quasistatic limit is also derived. It stores data digitally on a media device and uses a laser to read data from it. An early optical disc system existed in 1935, named lichttonorgel. On magnetic media, the digital data is encoded as microscopic magnetized needles on the surface of the medium e.
As removable media, optical discs superseded the earlier magnetic disk cartridges because they weigh less, have higher capacities and are not subject to head crashes or corruption from stray magnetic fields. Photonic integrated semiconductor optical amplifier switch. Optical media refers to discs that are read by a laser. Philippines nears passage of optical media bill law360. The light spectrum spans a tremendous range in the electromagnetic spectrum, extending from the region of 10 terahertz 104 gigahertz to 1 million terahertz 109 gigahertz. At this stage, it seems to be easier to demonstrate optical gain in swnts experimentally rather than predicting it. Telecommunications media optical transmission britannica. Section, paragraph a of ra 9239 is hereby amended to read as follows.
Optical transmitter optical receiver communication channel electrical input electrical output transmitter and receiver modules optical source optical modulator driving circ uit modul ator electroni cs electrical input optical output photodetector e le ctri a dem odulat r r ivng c irc t dem odul t r ele troni s electrica l outpu t optic l inp t. Information security media protection procedures epa. Optical fiber transmission uses wavelengths that are in the nearinfrared portion of the spectrum, just above the visible, and thus undetectable to the unaided eye. Photonic integrated semiconductor optical amplifier switch circuits r. Piracy reports often view the persistence of optical disc piracy as caused by nonenforcement of law. Pdf oblique airy wavepackets in bidispersive optical media. Osa optical complex media as universal reconfigurable. Mass media refers to any medium of communication designed to reach a mass of people.
Egovernment act of 2002, public law 107347, title iii, federal information security management act fisma as amended. Most of the expansion in ict services has been in voice services with mobile networks. An optical fiber is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair. Computers can read and write to cds and dvds using a cd writer or dvd writer drive, and a bluray is read with a bluray drive. This form of optical disc was a very early form of the dvd u. Optical fibers are used most often as a means to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber and find wide usage in fiberoptic communications, where they permit transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths data transfer rates than.
Optical media suffers from the inherent vice of disc rot, which is the result of chemical andor physical deterioration of the disc media. Optical medium definition of optical medium by medical. We, the officials and employees of the optical media board, by virtue of republic act no. Optical discs 7 laws of malaysia act 606 optical discs act 2000 an act to provide for the licensing and regulation of the manufacture of optical discs, and for matters connected therewith. Part 2001 and 2003, classified national security information, 32 c. Telecommunications media telecommunications media optical transmission. There is a great deal of misinformation, hype, and misunderstanding in the fieldof optical media. The optical media board, formerly known as the videogram regulatory board, is a national agency under the office of the president of the philippines responsible for regulating the production, use and distribution of recording media in the philippines. Oblique airy wavepackets in bidispersive optical media article pdf available in optics letters 3521. For example, hard drives, cds, dvds, and usb drives are all different types of media. We are the statutory regulator for the optical professions in the uk. Understanding astigmatism spring 2003 mit opencourseware.
Alternatively referred to as a disc drive, optical media, optical storage, optical disc drive, and optical disk, an optical disc is any media read using a laser assembly. Nonlinear optics of chiral media and liquid crystals are also discussed in this chapter. Typical optical transmission wavelengths are 850 nm, 10 nm, and 1550 nm. All records on the deliberation of the optical media act would reveal that the intention of the legislators in crafting the law was to prevent the proliferation of. Optical media refers to any data storage device or equipment that uses optical data storage and retrieval techniques to read and write data. Both lasers and leds are used to transmit light through optical fiber. It is hereby declared to be the policy of the state to ensure. Memorex wants to help customers make educated choices about the media and formats they choose. Verhoeven characteristics of the optical media laboratory disk, proc. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing blank or recorded records and prerecorded audio tapes are classified in industry. Implementing rules and regulations of the optical media. Htb1100 netlink 10100m multimode fiber optic ethernet. This act shall be known as the optical media act of 2003.
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